Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi, born on November 19, 1954, is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has held various significant positions in Egypt's military and government. He is currently serving as the president of Egypt, a position he has held since 2014.

Early Life and Military Education: Abdel Fattah Sisi was born in Cairo, Egypt, in 1954. He grew up in Gamaleya, a quarter in Cairo where Muslims, Jews, and Christians lived together. He came from a religious family and was exposed to religious diversity in his childhood.

Sisi's military career began when he joined the Egyptian Army as a young man. He received his military education at the Egyptian Military Academy and later attended prestigious military institutions, including the Joint Services Command and Staff College in the United Kingdom in 1992 and the United States Army War College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 2006.

Military Career (1977-2014): Sisi started his military career in 1977 and served in various roles within the Egyptian Armed Forces. He specialized in anti-tank warfare and mortar warfare and held positions such as Commander of the Northern Military Region-Alexandria and Director of Military Intelligence and Reconnaissance.

During his military career, he was also a member of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) during the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. He gained notoriety for his involvement in controversial decisions, such as the use of forced virginity tests on detained female demonstrators.

Sisi's career trajectory in the military led to his appointment as Minister of Defense by President Mohamed Morsi in August 2012, replacing Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, who had served under the previous regime of Hosni Mubarak. He was also promoted to the rank of colonel general during this period.

Civil Uprising, Coup d'État, and Transition: In 2013, mass demonstrations erupted in Egypt against President Mohamed Morsi, leading to a political crisis. The Egyptian Army, under Sisi's leadership, issued an ultimatum to political parties, eventually leading to the ousting of Morsi in a coup d'état on July 3, 2013.

Sisi played a crucial role in the transition period that followed, which included the appointment of an interim head of state, Adly Mansour, and the suspension of the constitution. This period was marked by violent clashes and crackdowns on pro-Morsi supporters, including the infamous Rabaa massacre.

Presidential Run and Presidency (2014-Present): In March 2014, Field Marshal el-Sisi retired from his military career and announced his candidacy for the 2014 presidential election. The election took place in May 2014, with Sisi winning in a landslide victory, receiving 97% of the vote.

Sisi was sworn in as President of Egypt on June 8, 2014, marking the beginning of his presidency. His presidency has been characterized by an authoritarian rule, and his regime has been criticized for being more restrictive than that of Hosni Mubarak.

Throughout his presidency, Sisi has faced minimal opposition in elections, with some opposition figures facing obstacles and violations from the electoral committee. His presidency has also seen the suppression of civil liberties, including the removal of pre-trial detention limits for certain crimes and the banning of protests.

Personal Life and Public Image: Abdel Fattah Sisi is known for being private about his family life, even though two of his sons hold positions in the government. He is married to his cousin, Entissar Amer, and they have three sons and one daughter.

Sisi's public image is one of piety and calmness. He often quotes Quranic verses during informal conversations and is known for his quiet demeanor. He earned the nickname "Quiet General" even in his younger years due to his orderly behavior.

Sisi has portrayed himself as a knowledgeable figure whose opinions are sought after by top philosophers and world leaders. He has advocated for democracy in the Middle East and has expressed support for gradual moves toward pluralism.

His presidency has also witnessed a cult of personality, with widespread support from many Egyptians and campaigns urging him to run for president. Sisi has been a prominent figure in Egyptian media and was even named "Time Person of the Year" in a reader poll. His leadership has generated both enthusiasm and controversy within Egypt and internationally.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdel_Fattah_el-Sisi